MÉTODOS DE MEDICIÓN E INTERVENCIÓN EN APRENDIZAJE AUTORREGULADO. EVOLUCIÓN Y ACTUALIDAD
Resumen
El aprendizaje autorregulado (en adelante AAR) es un creciente y fructífero campo de investigación de la psicología educativa. Sobre el mismo se ha validado una variedad de modelos teóricos, los cuales muestran la complejidad del constructo y la dificultad para abordarlo integralmente. Esta complejidad y dificultad se trasladan a los métodos de medición y promoción del AAR en contexto educativo. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar -con base en la literatura especializada- las dimensiones metodológicas del constructo, esto es, las referidas a cómo este se investiga y se fomenta en contexto educativo. Se realizó un análisis documental cualitativo de documentos acreditados sobre los métodos de investigación y promoción del AAR. Se encontró: a) una evolución del abordaje metodológico del AAR desde métodos descontextualizados hasta métodos que miden y fomentan los procesos del AAR en el contexto de su aplicación (como el diario estructurado); b) una preeminencia de métodos curriculares de promoción del AAR por sobre métodos extracurriculares; c) un rápido avance del fomento del AAR mediante técnicas y herramientas digitales. Se concluye que la medición y la promoción del AAR han tenido una compartida evolución, promovida por tres factores: la sustitución de una concepción estática del AAR por una dinámica e integral, la integración triangulada de métodos de medición con métodos de intervención y la integración de las tecnologías en los entornos y experiencias de aprendizaje.
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