EL ESTUDIO DIMENSIONAL DE LAS EMOCIONES. APORTES DE LA NEUROBIOLOGIA

Anna Rovella, Claudia Brusasca

Resumen


Las emociones constituyen un proceso central en la dinámica psicológica, porque coordinan el resto de las funciones fundamentales (percepción, atención, memoria, motivación). Su estudio desde la investigación básica puede ser abordado a partir de la perspectiva discreta o dimensional. La complejidad del fenómeno requiere del aporte de diferentes disciplinas para su comprensión, entre ellas la neurobiología. Toda investigación requiere contar con un instrumento adaptado y validado para la región; en este caso partimos de algunas series de imágenes propuestas por Lang, IAPS, que estudia tres dimensiones: valencia, activación y dominancia. Este instrumento facilita el conocimiento y comprensión de la emoción. En las últimas décadas se ha evidenciado un fenómeno proliferativo en la búsqueda de las bases neurobiológicas de los procesos emocionales. En este marco de referencia, las estructuras telencefálicas que mayor atención están recibiendo en la actualidad en el ámbito del reconocimiento, evaluación y valoración de la emoción son la amígdala y la corteza prefrontal.

Palabras Clave: 

emoción
evaluación
neurobiología

 

THE DIMENSIONAL STUDY OF EMOTIONS. CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE NEUROBIOLOGY

Abstract. Emotions are a central process in psychological dynamics, because they coordinate the rest of the fundamental functions (perception, attention, memory, motivation, personality). Its study from basic research can be approached from a discrete or dimensional perspective. The complexity of the phenomenon requires the contribution of different disciplines for its understanding, including neurobiology. All research requires having an instrument adapted and validated for the region, in this case we start from some series of images proposed by Lang, IAPS that studies three dimensions: valence, activation and dominance. This instrument facilitates knowledge and understanding of emotion. In the last decades a proliferative phenomenon has been evidenced in the search of the neurobiological bases of the emotional processes. In this frame of reference, the telencephalic structures that are currently receiving the most attention in the field of recognition, evaluation and assessment of emotion are the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex.

Keywords:

emotion
assement
neurobiology



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